Android : FileOutputstream.close() is not always writing bytes to file system?

After reading this answer from @Peter Lawrey and especially this sentence :

close() can ensure the file is actually written to disk (or not depending on the OS)

_{(emphasis is mine.)}

I have 3 questions :

• 
  

  Is it true that there is no guaranty that all the bytes will be available on disk after calling close() ? (I guess it's true since it came from @Peter Lawrey)

  
  


• 
  

  In general (i.e. valid on all OS), what is the best way to be sure that all bytes are effectively written to disk ? (I can imagine counting the bytes written to the stream, and waiting until file.length() == byteCount ... but is there a better approach ?)

  
  


• 
  

  In particular, on Android, is it enough to call fileOutputStream.close() to be sure that all bytes are effectively written to the file system ?

  
  

Here is some code (ignoring exceptions, ... to keep it simple) to illustrate my post

    final InputStream instream = getInputStreamFromSomewhere();
    final FileOutputStream outputstream = new FileOutputStream(someExistingFile);
    int l;
    final byte[] tmp = new byte[1024];
    while ((l = instream.read(tmp)) != -1) {
            outstream.write(tmp, 0, l);
    }
    instream.close();
    outputStream.close();
    //at this point : are all bytes written to disk ?